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Effects of Type 2 Diabetes

The U.S. National Library of Medicine defines type 2 diabetes as a chronic condition characterized by increased blood-sugar levels. Unlike type 1 diabetes, which usually occurs in children, it strikes in adulthood. Type 2 develops over time, and targets people who are overweight, have a family history of diabetes and high triglyceride levels. Its effects vary, but developing serious health conditions is possible.

  1. Heart Attacks and Strokes

    • Type 2 diabetes sufferers have an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, which are caused by clogged blood vessels. The American Diabetes Association says people with diabetes should manage their condition by eating a heart-healthy diet and maintaining or losing weight.

    Kidney Problems

    • Untreated type 2 diabetes can hamper the kidneys' ability to filter waste products, causing them to work harder to filter the large amounts of blood brought on by high blood-sugar levels. Left untreated, it can result in kidney failure, leading to dialysis treatments or kidney transplants.

    Vision Problems

    • According to the ADA, people with type 2 diabetes also have an increased risk of developing eye conditions such as glaucoma because the condition causes blood vessel damage around the eyes. While many people with diabetes have minor vision problems, severe conditions, including blindness, can occur if it is left untreated.

    Foot Problems

    • Foot problems can also develop, as nerve damage causes poor circulation to the extremities. People with type 2 diabetes should keep their feet moisturized and wear socks and footwear that allows easy blood flow. Smoking is the biggest danger to feet because it damages small blood vessels. In severe cases, people face amputation.

    Skin Disorders

    • Other threats include fungal infections, itching and blisters. Like other parts of the body, skin health depends on adequate blood flow throughout the body. The ADA says that good skin care prevents many of these disorders. To protect the feet, diabetics should keep feet clean and dry, avoid hot water, moisturize skin, treat wounds and visit a dermatologist for medical treatments, if necessary.

    Periodontal Problems

    • In addition, bad breath and other oral problems can occur. Because diabetes causes dry mouth, bacteria can build up, leading to bad breath. Practice good oral hygiene by brushing your teeth at least twice a day. Keep your mouth hydrated by drinking plenty of water and chewing gum. Fruits like apples and celery naturally clean the mouth and fight plaque. See a dentist who specializes in diabetic dentistry for other suggestions.

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