Complications of High Blood Sugar

Part of managing diabetes is monitoring blood sugar levels several times a day. This is important because high blood sugar levels can cause serious health complications, especially if they are left uncontrolled with lifestyle changes and medication. While unexplained increases in levels happen, repeatedly high numbers could spell long-term health problems.

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

• When glucose cannot be used by the body for energy, the body breaks down fat cells and releases ketones. Ketones increase the acidity of the blood, which can cause coma or death.

Diabetic Hyperosmolar Syndrome

• If your blood sugar levels go above 600 mg/dL, you could develop this problem. Dramatically increased urination to get rid of the glucose can lead to severe dehydration and death.

Diabetic Retinopathy

• High amounts of glucose in the blood can damage the blood vessels leading to the retina. Without enough blood, parts of the retina may be damaged, leading to partial or even total blindness. This is the leading cause of blindness in the United States.

Diabetic Neuropathy

• Just as excess glucose damages blood vessels, it can also damage nerves. Nerve damage is the most common diabetic complication. It can cause pain or numbness in the affected area of the body.

Erectile Dysfunction

• Because of the damage caused by high blood sugar, a man's ability to achieve and maintain an erection may be affected.