Why do diabetes affect so many organs?

Diabetes affects so many organs because it is a systemic disease that affects the entire body. When blood sugar levels are too high, it can damage blood vessels and nerves, and lead to serious complications in many organs.

Here are some of the organs that diabetes can affect:

- Eyes: High blood sugar levels can damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina, leading to diabetic retinopathy. Over time, this can cause blurred vision, floaters, or even blindness.

- Kidneys: Diabetes can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, causing diabetic nephropathy. This can lead to kidney stones, decreased kidney function, and eventually kidney failure.

- Nerves: Diabetes can also damage the nerves, leading to peripheral neuropathy. This can cause tingling, numbness, pain, or weakness in the hands, feet, or legs.

- Heart: Diabetes increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. When blood sugar levels are too high, it can damage the blood vessels and heart muscle, leading to atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and congestive heart failure.

- Blood vessels: High blood sugar levels can damage the walls of blood vessels, leading to atherosclerosis, which is a narrowing of the arteries. This can increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, and peripheral artery disease.

- Skin: Diabetes can also affect the skin, causing dryness, itching, and rashes. It can also make the skin more vulnerable to infections.

In addition to these organs, diabetes can also affect the pancreas, which makes insulin; the digestive system; and the thyroid gland.

It is important for people with diabetes to manage their blood sugar levels carefully to prevent or delay serious complications.