What does insulin do for blood sugar?

Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It allows cells in the muscles, liver, and fat tissue to take in glucose from the blood and use it for energy. Insulin also helps to store glucose in the liver and muscles.

When the blood sugar level rises, such as after a meal, the pancreas releases insulin. Insulin binds to receptors on cells in the muscles, liver, and fat tissue, causing them to take in glucose from the blood. The glucose is then used for energy or stored for later use.

If the blood sugar level drops too low, the pancreas stops releasing insulin. This causes the blood sugar level to rise again.

Insulin is essential for maintaining a healthy blood sugar level. People with diabetes have difficulty producing or using insulin, which can lead to high blood sugar levels. High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels and nerves, leading to serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness, and amputation.

Insulin is used to treat diabetes by lowering the blood sugar level. It is usually given by injection, but it can also be taken orally or through an insulin pump.