What happens when people get type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or when the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin. Here's what happens in people with type 2 diabetes:

Insulin Resistance: Insulin resistance is a condition in which the cells of the body do not respond properly to insulin. This means glucose (sugar) cannot easily get into the cells for energy, and instead, it accumulates in the bloodstream.

Increased Blood Glucose (Hyperglycemia): As glucose cannot enter the cells effectively, the blood sugar levels rise, leading to hyperglycemia.

Pancreas Overworks: The pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach, produces insulin. In response to high blood sugar, the pancreas releases more insulin to overcome insulin resistance. This can cause the pancreas to work excessively and eventually become exhausted, leading to insufficient insulin production.

Relative Insulin Deficiency: As the disease progresses, the pancreas can no longer produce enough insulin to overcome insulin resistance. This results in relative insulin deficiency.

Accumulation of Glucose in Blood: With inadequate insulin, glucose remains in the bloodstream, causing持续hyperglycemia.

Symptoms of Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can lead to various symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, increased hunger, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing sores.

Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes: Certain factors can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, including:

- Age (over 45)

- Family history of diabetes

- Being overweight or obese

- Physical inactivity

- High blood pressure

- High cholesterol

- Certain genetic factors

Early detection and management of type 2 diabetes are crucial to prevent serious complications, such as heart disease, kidney disease, eye damage, and nerve damage. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, weight loss if needed, and medication (if prescribed) are common ways to manage type 2 diabetes.