Why do some people not produce or properly use insulin?

Type 1 diabetes: This is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This leads to a complete deficiency of insulin, which means that people with type 1 diabetes must take insulin injections to stay alive.

Type 2 diabetes: This is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, a condition in which the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin. This can lead to a buildup of glucose in the blood, which can damage the blood vessels and organs over time. Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity, physical inactivity, and certain genetic factors.

Gestational diabetes: This is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. It usually goes away after the baby is born, but it can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Gestational diabetes is often caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy that make the body less responsive to insulin.

Other causes: Rare genetic disorders, certain medications, and certain diseases can also lead to insulin deficiency or resistance.