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How to Read A1C Levels

Most diabetics monitor blood glucose levels daily with home monitoring kits which allow them to check increased or decreased sugar levels, either of which can have negative health consequences. Another test which helps monitor blood glucose level over an extended period is the A1C test. This test provides a broader overview of a diabetes treatment plan and is recommended at intervals of three months.

  1. About the Test

    • An A1C test measures the the percentage of glycated hemoglobin, or HbA1c, in the blood. Hemoglobin is a protein found in blood that attaches (or glycates) to sugars. Higher levels of blood sugars result in more glycated hemoglobin, which can lead to other problems related to diabetes such as eye disease, nerve damage and stroke.

    Understanding the Results

    • The A1C level corresponds directly to the amount of sugar in the blood and is reported as a percentage. On average a healthy A1C reading is 5 percent, which can be interpreted to mean that 5 percent of hemoglobin in the blood is glycated. Higher percentages of glycated hemoglobin over long periods of time can lead to major health complications for the diabetic patient.

    Normal Levels

    • Most clinicians agree that an A1C level under 6 percent is considered normal. Anything above 6.5 percent is used to diagnose diabetes. When the level is above 7 percent most doctors will make adjustments to the individuals diabetes regimen. This may include changes to diet, exercise and/or medication. Levels above 9 percent are indications of long-term uncontrolled diabetes.

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