What Are the Treatments for Diabetic Neuropathy?

Diabetic neuropathy can cause pain, numbness, burning or tingling in the legs and feet, dizziness, digestive problems, bladder infections and sexual problems. Diabetics should work closely with their doctors to keep blood sugar levels under control to prevent the condition from worsening.

• Diabetic neuropathy can cause pain and burning in the legs and feet.

Pain Relief

• Oral medications are typically used for pain relief, as over-the-counter pain medications may be ineffective. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants and opioids are also prescribed. Capsaicin cream and lidocaine patches applied directly to the skin can help ease pain, especially in the feet. According to the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC), physical therapy and acupuncture are effective in treating nerve pain in some patients as well.

Foot Care

• Diabetics need to take extremely good care of their feet, as sores and injuries may not be noticed if sensation is lost due to neuropathy. According to the NDIC, more than half of all lower-limb amputations in the United States are performed on diabetics. Patients with diabetic neuropathy should clean their feet daily, but avoid soaking them. Frequent foot inspections for cuts, redness, swelling or other issues are also recommended. Toenails should be properly trimmed and calluses filed gently. Proper-fitting shoes or slippers should be worn at all times.

Gastrointestinal Problems

• Patients with diabetic neuropathy may develop gastroparesis, which can cause nausea, vomiting, belching and indigestion. According to the NDIC, patients with gastroparesis can minimize symptoms by eating smaller, more frequent meals and avoiding excessive amounts of fat and fiber. Doctors may prescribe medications to speed digestion and relieve nausea. Patients who experience diarrhea and other bowel problems are usually treated with antibiotics.

Dizziness and Weakness

• Diabetic neuropathy can cause spells of dizziness and weakness. Dizziness can usually be self-treated by sitting or standing very slowly, or by raising the head of the bed. Increasing the amount of salt in the diet may also help, though patients should check with their doctors first. Blood pressure medications can also help some patients, and physical therapy can strengthen muscles and improve coordination.

Urinary and Sexual Problems

• Urinary tract infections are common in patients with diabetic neuropathy and can be cleared up with antibiotics. Some neuropathy patients experience urinary incontinence. Prescription drugs to help control the bladder are available, though doctors will often suggest that patients try to empty their bladders on a fixed schedule to prevent accidents, reports the NDIC. Neuropathy can cause impotence in some diabetic men; oral and injected medications may be prescribed. Women with neuropathy may experience vaginal dryness, which can be treated with a water-based vaginal lubricant.