What Are the Treatments for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy?

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is also known as the "stocking-glove" syndrome because the symptoms usually occur in the hands and feet. Besides pain and uncomfortable feelings, peripheral neuropathy may also lead to impaired movements and increased risks of foot injuries. This diabetic complication thus should not be left untreated.

About Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

• The peripheral nervous system controls the sensory nerves in the body. Having high blood glucose levels for a long period of time can damage the peripheral nerve cells, causing the nerves to send out incorrect signals such as numbness, tingling, burning and pain. Some people may also lose ability to detect temperature and the sense of balance, which results in a higher risk for falls, burns and frostbites.

Antidepressants

• Some antidepressants have been prescribed to relieve diabetic peripheral neuropathy, as they can counter pain transmission in the nerve cells. Currently, Doloxetine (Cymbalta) is the only antidepressant approved by the FDA to treat painful diabetic neuropathy. Other non-FDA approved antidepressants that have been used to lessen neuropathic pain include Desipramine, Paroxentine, Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline and Trazadone.

Antiepileptic Medications

• Some antiepileptics or anticonvulsants, such as Pregabalin, Gabapentin and Carbamazepine, have been proven to relieve nerve pain. However, in August 2009, the FDA warned against the use of these medications, as they can lead to a heightened risk of suicidal thoughts.

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

• A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit or TENS is a battery-operated device that can help alleviate neuropathic pain, both acute and chronic. TENS is only about the size of a portable radio and has several electrodes to be connected to the sensitive body areas. It works by providing electrical impulses that prevent the pain message from reaching the brain.

Anodyne Therapy

• Anodyne therapy is a type of light therapy that can relieve peripheral neuropathy by increasing blood circulation in the areas that experience pain. In anodyne therapy, the therapist will place small pads on the sensitive areas. These pads contain a series of light-emitting diodes that allow infrared light and heat to penetrate the skin, which can effectively stimulate blood circulation and lessen muscle stiffness.

Self-Care Practices

• Since high blood glucose levels can cause peripheral neuropathy, it is wise to try to improve your blood sugar control. Inspect your feet daily for open sores and always wear comfortable, closed shoes. Smoking and alcohol consumption can increase nerve damage, therefore try to quit or do it only occasionally. If you would like to participate in new diabetic neuropathy studies, call the American Diabetes Association at 1-800-DIABETES.