Background Information About Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD, is a more frequently recurring form of gastroesophageal reflux, or GER. GER occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter---the valve between the esophagus and stomach---does not function properly, allowing the contents of the stomach to rise back up into the esophagus.

Considerations

• GERD can also be referred to as acid reflux, because digestive stomach acid can rise up into the esophagus. The occasional backup of food or acid is not necessarily a problem, but if it occurs more than twice a week, it is classified as GERD.

Symptoms

• The most common symptom of GERD is recurring heartburn, which occurs when acid from the stomach reaches the esophagus, causing a burning sensation. Chest pain, belching and difficulty swallowing can also be signs of GERD.

Causes

• The cause of GERD is a malfunctioning lower esophageal sphincter, or LES. Your LES may not be functioning properly due to a variety of reasons, including pregnancy, obesity or a medical condition called a hiatal hernia.

Diagnosis

• Your doctor will record your symptoms and lifestyle habits, including your normal eating habits and any medications. Additional tests for GERD may include inserting a small camera into your esophagus to look for signs of damage, and x-rays taken while you swallow to search for abnormalities.

Treatment

• Proper treatment of GERD depends upon the severity of the condition. Lifestyle changes such as avoiding trigger foods and lying down after meals, and medications such as antacids and surgery may be recommended to correct the problem.