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Medication for GERD

GERD, or gastroesophageal reflux disease, is a condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter opens or fails to close, letting stomach acid rise into the esophagus. GERD is painful and damages the esophagus over time. Fortunately, it is treatable with medications.

  1. Antacids

    • Over-the-counter antacids like Rolaids, Maalox, Alka-Seltzer or Mylanta are often sufficient to treat mild GERD.

    Foaming Agents

    • Foaming medications (such as Gaviscon) coat the stomach with foam, preventing stomach content from rising into the esophagus, and are typically the next step if antacids don't suffice.

    H2 Blockers

    • H2 blockers, also known as receptor antagonists, include cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine. These treat GERD by stifling the production of stomach acid.

    Proton Pump Inhibitors

    • Omeprazole, pantoprazole, esomeprazole, rabeprazole and lansoprazole stop production of more acid than H2 blockers, and can repair damage to the esophagus.

    Prokinetics

    • Prokinetics like metoclopramide and bethanechol are a last resort because of side effects like drowsiness, anxiety, depression and difficulty moving. They help the stomach empty faster and the lower esophageal sphincter open and close properly.

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