Diet Information for Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease. Symptoms include diarrhea, cramping, weight loss and fatigue. There are medications to treat colitis, but diet also plays an important role in management of the disease.

Dairy

• People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, may have problems digesting dairy products. If you experience abdominal pain and diarrhea with dairy products, you might try low-lactose yogurt or cheese, such as cheddar or Swiss. Another option is a product designed for people who are lactose intolerant, such as Lactaid.

Fiber

• Fiber is usually recommended as part of a healthy diet. However, people with IBD may not be able to digest fiber well. It can result in worsening diarrhea, gas and abdominal pain. You may be able to eat vegetables that are steamed, stewed or baked if you cannot tolerate raw vegetables. Some fruits and vegetables are more difficult to digest if you have IBD, such as cauliflower, cabbage, raw carrots and raw apples. You should try different foods that are high in fiber and determine which ones you are able to tolerate well.

Trigger Foods

• Certain foods may trigger your symptoms and you should avoid these. In addition to the fruits and vegetables that may give you difficulty, you may want to avoid beans, raw fruits and juices (particularly citrus), chocolate, popcorn and spicy foods. Beverages that contain caffeine or alcohol may also aggravate your condition. Learn what foods you can and cannot tolerate.

Dietician

• You should try to eat a balanced diet and limit your consumption of saturated fats, cholesterol, sugars and sodium. However, it may be overwhelming to try to find a healthy diet that works for your disease. Working with a dietician can help, especially if you are losing weight as a result of your ulcerative colitis.

Lifestyle

• Changes to your lifestyle may be helpful. You should try to eliminate stress as much as possible because it can make your symptoms more severe. Regular exercise and relaxation techniques such as yoga, deep breathing and medication are options. Drink plenty of water to keep yourself hydrated and ask your doctor or dietician if you should take multivitamins to make certain you are receiving all the necessary nutrients.

Considerations

• You can find information and support through organizations such as the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America or the Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition of the National Institutes of Health. In addition, your local hospital may offer a support group where you can talk to others who suffer from the disease. Keep in mind that serious complications of ulcerative colitis can include a perforated colon, liver disease and severe dehydration. If you suspect you may have a bowel disease, see your doctor for diagnosis and treatment.