Why does stomach acid come back up in mouth?

Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux (GER), occurs when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, the tube that connects the mouth and stomach. This can cause a burning sensation in the chest, a sour taste in the mouth, and a cough. There are a number of factors that can contribute to acid reflux, including:

* Hiatal hernia: This is a condition in which the hiatus, the opening in the diaphragm through which the oesophagus passes, is enlarged. This can allow stomach acid to more easily flow back into the oesophagus.

* Weak oesophageal sphincter: The oesophageal sphincter is a muscle that acts as a valve between the stomach and oesophagus. If this muscle is weak, it can allow stomach acid to flow back into the oesophagus.

* Increased abdominal pressure: This can occur due to obesity, pregnancy, or certain medical conditions. Increased abdominal pressure can push stomach acid up into the oesophagus.

* Certain foods and drinks: Some foods and drinks, such as caffeine, alcohol, and fatty or spicy foods, can relax the oesophageal sphincter and make acid reflux more likely.

Acid reflux can be a chronic condition, but it can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. If you are experiencing acid reflux, talk to your doctor about the best treatment options for you.