Why is lactose found in lactating women?

Lactose is the main carbohydrate in human milk. It comprises approximately 7% of the total milk volume. It is synthesized in the mammary gland during lactation and is essential for the proper development and growth of infants.

Functions of Lactose in Lactating Women:

1. Energy Source: Lactose provides a significant source of energy for infants. When broken down by the enzymes lactase and galactosidase, lactose releases glucose and galactose, which can be easily digested and used as a primary energy source by the developing infant.

2. Promotes Calcium Absorption: Lactose enhances the absorption of calcium and other minerals from the mother's milk. It forms complexes with calcium ions, facilitating their absorption in the small intestine. Adequate calcium absorption is crucial for the growth and development of bones and teeth in infants.

3. Supports Intestinal Development: Lactose plays a vital role in the development of the infant's gastrointestinal tract. It acts as a prebiotic, selectively promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. These bacteria contribute to a healthy gut microbiota, which is associated with improved digestive health and reduced risk of infections.

4. Immune System Modulation: Lactose can influence the infant's immune system development. It has immunoregulatory properties and may help protect against allergies and infections in infants.

5. Softens Stools: Lactose promotes softer stools in infants. By increasing water content in the stools, lactose helps prevent constipation and ensures smooth bowel movements.

Overall, the presence of lactose in lactating women's milk is essential for providing energy, supporting mineral absorption, promoting healthy intestinal development, modulating the immune system, and facilitating smooth digestion in infants.