What organs comprise the tube of digestive system?

The tube of the digestive system comprises the following organs:

1. Oral Cavity: The oral cavity, commonly known as the mouth, is where digestion begins. It consists of various structures such as the tongue, teeth, and salivary glands. The tongue helps in mixing and manipulating food, while the teeth break down the food into smaller particles. The salivary glands secrete saliva, which contains enzymes that begin the process of carbohydrate digestion.

2. Esophagus: After chewing and mixing in the oral cavity, food is swallowed and enters the esophagus. The esophagus is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. It propels food downward through rhythmic contractions known as peristalsis.

3. Stomach: The stomach is a J-shaped organ located on the left side of the abdomen. It receives the food from the esophagus and further breaks it down through mechanical and chemical processes. The stomach secretes hydrochloric acid and enzymes such as pepsin and gastric lipase, which help in the digestion of proteins and lipids, respectively.

4. Small Intestine: The small intestine is the longest part of the digestive system. It is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients take place. The small intestine consists of three segments: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum receives food from the stomach and is where further breakdown occurs with the help of enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver. The jejunum and ileum are responsible for nutrient absorption. The inner walls of the small intestine have numerous folds and villi, which increase the surface area for efficient nutrient absorption.

5. Large Intestine (Colon): The large intestine is the final portion of the digestive system and is responsible for water absorption, electrolyte balance, and the formation of feces. It consists of the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. Beneficial bacteria residing in the colon aid in the breakdown of certain indigestible materials and produce some vitamins.

6. Rectum and Anus: The rectum is the final straight segment of the large intestine where feces are stored temporarily before elimination. The anus is the external opening through which feces are expelled from the body.