Symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare condition that occurs when a bacterial infection gets out of control and gets into the bloodstream. TSS is often caused by the staph or strep bacteria. Anyone can develop toxic shock syndrome, but the condition is most commonly associated with prolonged tampon use and contraceptive sponge use in women. Risks for TSS are increased when a skin infection or surgical wound is present. TSS comes on suddenly and can result in organ failure and death, if not treated promptly.

Fever & Muscle Aches

• Individuals with TSS will suddenly develop a high fever, and some may have accompanying chills. They may also experience muscle aches and headaches.

Skin Symptoms

• A sunburn-like rash may appear on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. After several days, the rash will cause the skin on the feet and hands to peel. TSS may cause the eyes to become red. The mouth and throat may appear red.

Stomach Upset

• Individuals with TSS may have nausea. They may experience diarrhea and vomiting. Some people may become dehydrated because of excessive diarrhea and vomiting.

Other Symptoms

• TSS may cause hypotension, which is lower-than-normal blood pressure. Also, confusion may occur. People with TSS may have seizures, and organ failure may result. The most commonly affected organs are the kidneys, liver and heart.

Diagnosis & Treatment

• A physician can test the blood and urine for a strep or staph infection. Cultures may be taken from the throat, cervix and vagina. Treatment for TSS usually requires hospitalization and a course of strong antibiotics. Medications may be needed to keep blood pressure at a normal level and to prevent dehydration. In some cases, the kidneys may fail, causing the need for dialysis.