What Is Graft Versus Host Disease?

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication that can occur after a stem cell transplant. It occurs when the donated stem cells (the graft) attack the recipient's tissues (the host).

GVHD can affect any organ or tissue in the body, but it most commonly affects the skin, liver, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms of GVHD can include:

* Skin rash

* Itching

* Dry mouth

* Nausea

* Vomiting

* Diarrhea

* Weight loss

* Fatigue

* Shortness of breath

* Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)

* Liver failure

* Kidney failure

* Death

GVHD is a serious condition that can be fatal. There is no cure for GVHD, but there are treatments that can help to manage the symptoms and improve the quality of life for people with GVHD.

GVHD is most common after a stem cell transplant from a donor who is not a close family member. The risk of GVHD is also higher if the recipient has a weakened immune system.

There are a number of things that can be done to help prevent GVHD after a stem cell transplant, including:

* Matching the donor and recipient as closely as possible

* Giving the recipient immunosuppressive drugs to suppress their immune system

* Using a stem cell transplant from a cord blood bank

GVHD is a serious risk of stem cell transplantation, but it is important to remember that it is not always a fatal condition. With proper treatment, many people with GVHD are able to live long and healthy lives.