How Biologics Can Help RA

Biologics are a type of medication that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They are made from living organisms and work by targeting specific parts of the immune system. Biologics can help to reduce inflammation, slow the progression of joint damage, and improve symptoms of RA.

There are several different types of biologics that are used to treat RA, including:

* TNF inhibitors: TNF inhibitors block the action of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a cytokine that plays a role in inflammation. TNF inhibitors include adalimumab (Humira), etanercept (Enbrel), infliximab (Remicade), and golimumab (Simponi).

* IL-6 inhibitors: IL-6 inhibitors block the action of interleukin-6 (IL-6), another cytokine that plays a role in inflammation. IL-6 inhibitors include tocilizumab (Actemra) and sarilumab (Kevzara).

* B cell inhibitors: B cell inhibitors target B cells, a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies. B cell inhibitors include rituximab (Rituxan) and ocrelizumab (Ocrevus).

* JAK inhibitors: JAK inhibitors block the action of Janus kinases (JAKs), enzymes that are involved in the signaling pathway that leads to inflammation. JAK inhibitors include tofacitinib (Xeljanz), baricitinib (Olumiant), and upadacitinib (Rinvoq).

Biologics are typically given by injection, either under the skin or intravenously (IV). They are usually started at a low dose and then increased gradually to reach the desired effect. Biologics can be used alone or in combination with other medications for RA.

Biologics can be effective in treating RA, but they can also cause side effects. Some of the most common side effects of biologics include:

* Injection site reactions: These reactions can include pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site.

* Headache: Headache is a common side effect of biologics, especially at the beginning of treatment.

* Nausea: Nausea is another common side effect of biologics, especially at the beginning of treatment.

* Diarrhea: Diarrhea can occur with some biologics, especially at the beginning of treatment.

* Upper respiratory tract infections: Biologics can increase the risk of upper respiratory tract infections, such as colds and flu.

* Serious infections: Biologics can increase the risk of serious infections, such as pneumonia and tuberculosis.

It is important to talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of biologics before starting treatment. Biologics can be an effective treatment for RA, but they are not right for everyone.