How do you treat sicca syndrome?

Treating the Underlying Condition

Treating the underlying condition that is causing sicca syndrome is the most effective way to manage the condition. Some common underlying causes of sicca syndrome and their treatments include:

- Sjögren's syndrome: Treatment may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or biologics to reduce inflammation and improve tear and saliva production.

- Rheumatoid arthritis: Treatment may include medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, or biologics to reduce inflammation and improve joint pain and swelling.

- Lupus: Treatment may include medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or biologics to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms.

- Sarcoidosis: Treatment may include medications such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms.

- Medications: Some medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and antidepressants, can cause dry mouth and eyes as a side effect. Talk to your doctor about alternative medications or ways to manage the side effects.

Artificial Tears and Saliva Substitutes

Artificial tears and saliva substitutes are over-the-counter products that can help to relieve the symptoms of sicca syndrome. Artificial tears can be used to lubricate the eyes and reduce dryness and irritation, while saliva substitutes can help to moisten the mouth and throat and improve swallowing.

Lifestyle Changes

Some lifestyle changes can help to manage the symptoms of sicca syndrome, including:

- Staying hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to help keep your eyes and mouth moist.

- Using a humidifier: Using a humidifier in your home or office can help to add moisture to the air and reduce dry eyes and mouth.

- Avoiding dry environments: Avoid spending time in dry environments, such as deserts or high-altitude areas.

- Quitting smoking: Smoking can worsen dry eyes and mouth.

- Eating a healthy diet: Eating a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help to improve overall health and reduce the symptoms of sicca syndrome.

Medical Procedures

In some cases, medical procedures may be necessary to treat sicca syndrome, such as:

- Punctal plugs: Punctal plugs are small devices that can be inserted into the tear ducts to block them and prevent tears from draining away.

- Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to correct structural problems that are causing dry eyes or mouth.