2 diseases of the system and how they affect system?
1. Coronary artery disease (CAD)
CAD occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked by plaque, a build-up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. This can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and fatigue. In some cases, CAD can lead to a heart attack, which occurs when the blood supply to the heart is completely blocked.
How CAD affects the cardiovascular system:
* CAD decreases the amount of oxygen-rich blood that reaches the heart muscle. This can lead to angina, chest pain that occurs when the heart muscle is not getting enough oxygen.
* CAD can also lead to a heart attack, which occurs when the blood supply to the heart is completely blocked. A heart attack can cause serious damage to the heart muscle and can even be fatal.
* CAD can also lead to heart failure, a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.
2. Stroke
A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted or reduced. This can be caused by a blockage in an artery in the brain (ischemic stroke), a rupture of an artery in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke), or a temporary interruption of blood flow to the brain (transient ischemic attack, or TIA).
How stroke affects the cardiovascular system:
* Stroke can damage the blood vessels in the brain, which can lead to further strokes.
* Stroke can also lead to heart disease, as it can increase the risk of developing conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.
* Stroke can also lead to heart failure, as it can damage the heart muscle and make it unable to pump blood effectively.