What 5 ways that new disease emerge?

1. Animal-to-human transmission

This is the most common way that new diseases emerge. Animals can carry diseases that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, such as bites or scratches, or through indirect contact, such as contact with contaminated food or water. Some examples of diseases that have emerged through animal-to-human transmission include influenza, SARS, and COVID-19.

2. Vector-borne transmission

Vectors are organisms that can transmit diseases from one animal to another. The most common vectors of disease are mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Some examples of diseases that are transmitted by vectors include malaria, dengue fever, and Lyme disease.

3. Waterborne transmission

Waterborne diseases are caused by microorganisms that live in water. These microorganisms can enter the human body through the mouth, nose, or eyes. Some examples of waterborne diseases include cholera, typhoid fever, and dysentery.

4. Airborne transmission

Airborne diseases are caused by microorganisms that can be transmitted through the air. These microorganisms can be inhaled into the lungs. Some examples of airborne diseases include influenza, measles, and tuberculosis.

5. Foodborne transmission

Foodborne diseases are caused by microorganisms that are present in food. These microorganisms can enter the human body through the mouth. Some examples of foodborne diseases include salmonella, E. coli, and listeria.