What are the non-commnicable diseases?

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. They are often the result of a combination of genetic, behavioural, and environmental factors.

The four main types of NCDs are:

* Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are diseases of the heart and blood vessels. They include heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure.

* Cancers are diseases in which cells in the body begin to grow out of control.

* Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are diseases of the lungs and airways. They include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and lung cancer.

* Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin or does not use insulin properly.

NCDs are the leading cause of death globally. They account for more than 70% of all deaths worldwide. In 2015, NCDs killed an estimated 38 million people.

The major risk factors for NCDs are:

* Tobacco use

* Unhealthy diet

* Physical inactivity

* Harmful use of alcohol

* Air pollution

NCDs can be prevented and controlled through a combination of population-based and individual-based interventions. Population-based interventions include measures to reduce the risk factors for NCDs, such as tobacco control, healthy diet promotion, and physical activity promotion. Individual-based interventions include measures to detect and treat NCDs early, such as screening and early diagnosis, and provision of treatment and care.

By taking action to prevent and control NCDs, we can save millions of lives and improve the health and well-being of people around the world.