What is a submucosal lesion?

A submucosal lesion is an abnormal growth or mass that develops within the submucosa, which is the layer of tissue beneath the mucosa. The mucosa is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract. Submucosal lesions can occur anywhere in the digestive tract, but they are most commonly found in the stomach, small intestine, and colon. Submucosal lesions can vary in size and can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Some common types of submucosal lesions include: lipomas, leiomyomas, polyps, and adenomas.

Symptoms of a submucosal lesion can vary depending on the location and size of the lesion. Some common symptoms include: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, bleeding from the rectum, and difficulty swallowing. In some cases, submucosal lesions can cause no symptoms at all and are only discovered during a routine medical exam.

Diagnosis of a submucosal lesion typically involves imaging tests, such as endoscopy or colonoscopy. These tests allow the doctor to visualise the inside of the digestive tract and identify any abnormalities. If a submucosal lesion is found, the doctor may recommend a biopsy to determine if the lesion is benign or malignant. Treatment for a submucosal lesion will depend on the type and location of the lesion. Benign lesions may not require treatment, while malignant lesions may require surgery or other forms of therapy.