What Are the Causes of Cardiac Hypertrophy, Polyuria & Hypertension?

2008 reports from the Centers for Disease Control indicated that 32 percent of U.S. adults aged 20 and over live with hypertension. Hypertension can be associated with other conditions, including polyuria and cardiac hypertrophy.
  1. Definition of Hypertension

    • Hypertension (high blood pressure) is usually defined by an adult blood pressure above 140 mm Hg during the heartbeat (systolic pressure), or greater than 90 mm Hg in between heartbeats (diastolic pressure).

    Causes of Hypertension

    • Possible causes of hypertension include kidney disease, hormonal disorders, drug abuse, sleep apnea, certain heart defects, certain genetic disorders and pregnancy. Additional contributing factors include being overweight, a sedentary lifestyle, excess alcohol or salt and low potassium intake.

    Definition of Polyuria

    • Polyuria is the medical term for excessive urination. An adult's volume of urination is normally lower than 2.5 liters per day.

    Causes of Polyuria

    • Polyuria is often associated with hypertension. It may result from large fluid intake, caffeine, alcohol, lithium, diabetes, polydipsia (excessive thirst), kidney failure, kidney defects, sickle cell anemia, low blood potassium, anxiety, Cushing's syndrome or certain drugs (e.g., diuretics).

    Definition of Cardiac Hypertrophy

    • A heart may become enlarged by hypertrophy, dilation or both. In cardiac hypertrophy, the thickness of the heart muscle increases, producing an enlarged heart. Cardiac hypertrophy is usually abnormal, although a normal heart may adapt to regular aerobic exercise by growing larger.

    Causes of Cardiac Hypertrophy

    • Cardiac hypertrophy occurs because of pressure and/or volume overload on the heart. Possible causes include high blood pressure, heart valve disease, weakness of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy), abnormal heartbeat, anemia, thyroid disorders, excessive iron in the body, protein buildup in the heart (amyloidosis) and cocaine use.

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