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Cutaneous Tuberculosis Symptoms

Tuberculosis is a serious affliction caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. While commonly known for its invasion of the respiratory and pulmonary systems, this bacteria can infect other parts of the body, including the skin. When the skin is affected by this microorganism, it is known as cutaneous tuberculosis. There are various types of cutaneous TB, each with their own set of symptoms.

  1. Lupus Vulgaris

    • This form of cutaneous tuberculosis is thought to be the most common form. It occurs more often in women than in men. Lupus vulgaris is progressive and relatively persistent, sometimes resulting in severe scarring and/or disfigurement. Symptoms of lupus vulgaris include:

      - Small lesions, reddish brown in color. Commonly on the face, around the nose, eyelids, cheeks and ears
      - Lesions composed of gelatinous nodules. They are sometimes referred to as "apple jelly nodules" because of their color and consistency.
      - Ulcers of the skin, especially if condition is left untreated

    TB Verrucosa Cutis

    • Also known as warty tuberculosis, this form of cutaneous TB is only contracted by direct skin inoculation of a person who was previously exposed to mycobacteria, the microorganism that causes tuberculosis. This is known to be a persistent form and can last for years. Symptoms of TB verrucosa cutis include:

      - Wart like growths on the body, typically red or reddish brown in color
      - Lesions on hands, elbows, buttocks feet and knees
      - Emergence of pus from fissures occurring in the skin lesions

    Miliary Tuberculosis

    • This particular infection begins as a TB infection of the lungs and spreads throughout the body via bloodstream. It is most common among those with compromised immune systems, such as HIV and AIDS patients. Even with treatment, prognosis of this condition is typically poor. Symptoms include:

      - Small red spots on the skin (millet-sized), sometimes concentrated on the trunk of the body
      - Necrosis of affected areas
      - Development of abscesses and ulcers on the skin

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