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Anti Smoking Medication Side Effects

According to the World Health Organization, 5.4 million people die each year from tobacco use. As the number of smoking-related diseases and deaths increases, more people are trying to quit smoking. Smokers have had of success in quitting with the assistance of prescription anti-smoking medications such as varenicline (Chantix) and bupropion (Zyban and Wellbutrin). Tthese medications do have side effects ranging from mild to severe that should be considered.

  1. Gastrointestinal

    • Nausea, stomach pain, bloating, cramping, vomiting, excess gas and changes in appetite are all common side effects associated with anti-smoking medications. Gastrointestinal side effects usually occur during the beginning of the medication regimen, and they generally subside over time. Nausea can usually be reduced by taking a lower dose of the drug. According to a Pfizer Chantix study, about 30 percent of study participants experienced nausea. The number was reduced to 16 percent in patients on a lower dose of the drug.

    Sleep

    • Anti-smoking medications often cause sleep disturbances. Nightmares, drowsiness, sluggishness and insomnia have all been reported as common side effects. Many patients experience sleep-related side effects intermittently, though some do experience profound sleep disruption that can lead to other physical and mental problems.

    Restlessness

    • Both varenicline and bupropion users have reported incidents of general restlessness. Itching, anxiety and nervousness may accompany restless feelings. Some anti-smoking medication patients find it difficult to concentrate and focus while on the medication, as well.

    Mental/Behavioral

    • Some of the most severe and concerning side effects of anti-smoking medications are mental and behavioral changes. Patients on varenicline or bupropion may experience feelings of irritability, anger, aggression, depression, confusion or hallucinations. In some severe cases, varenicline (Chantix) users have reported suicidal thoughts and actions. As of January 2008, the FDA has added a warning to health-care providers to use extreme caution when prescribing Chantix to patients with pre-existing psychiatric conditions.

    Respiratory

    • Some varenicline (Chantix) users have reported respiratory side effects. Respiratory side effects are not considered common, but those who experience them should consult with a physician before continuing to take the medication due to the risk of causing potentially serious damage to the lungs and airways. Varenicline patients may experience shortness of breath, wheezing, labored breathing, hyperventilation or a tight sensation in the chest. There are no known respiratory side effects associated with bupropion (Zyban and Wellbutrin).

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