What Are the Causes of Chronic Middle Ear Effusion?

Chronic otitis media with effusion (CME) occurs when the eustachian tube becomes blocked from a buildup of fluid that mixes with the bacteria in the middle ear. It becomes chronic if it lasts more than three months.

Misconceptions

• Fluid behind the eustachian tube is normal after an ear infection. No treatment is necessary as long as it clears up within three months.

Facts

• Although chronic middle ear effusion affects all ages, it is uncommon in newborns and most prevalent in children under 2, according to Medline Plus.

Expert Insight

• According to the National Institutes of Health, allergies, cigarette smoke, respiratory infections and sudden changes in altitude can lead to increased fluid in the middle ear.

Warning

• Since the eustachian tube connects the throat to the ear, lying flat while ingesting liquid can cause fluid to pool inside the eustachian tube.

Potential

• In the absence of noticeable symptoms, muffled hearing may be the only indication of middle ear effusion. Chronic middle ear effusion that will not respond to topical medication and oral antibiotics may require tubes in the ear.