What Happens at Your Eye Exam?

Eye Chart Test:

1. Distance Vision Test: You'll be asked to read letters of different sizes on an eye chart at a specific distance (usually 20 feet away).

2. Near Vision Test: You'll be asked to read letters or words at a shorter distance (about 16 inches).

Autorefraction and Keratometry:

- The autorefraction device uses an infrared light to measure the curvature of your cornea and provides an initial estimate of your prescription.

- Keratometry measures the curvature of your cornea for accurate contact lens fitting and astigmatism assessment.

Pupillary Response and Extraocular Muscle Movements:

- The doctor checks the alignment of your eyes and your ability to follow a moving object.

- They may also check your pupil's response to light.

Slit-Lamp Examination:

Using a slit lamp microscope, the doctor examines your eyelids, lashes, conjunctiva (the clear covering of your eyeball), iris, lens, and cornea for any abnormalities.

Retinal Exam (Funduscopy):

- You may be asked to dilate your pupils with eye drops to allow a more detailed examination of the retina, optic nerve, and macula.

- This helps detect conditions like retinal detachment, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and glaucoma.

Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Measurement:

- This measures the pressure within your eyes.

- It helps screen for glaucoma and is part of a routine eye exam.

Contact Lens Evaluation (if applicable):

If you wear contact lenses, the doctor may assess the fit and comfort of your lenses.

Glaucoma Evaluation:

- If you're at risk of glaucoma, the doctor may perform additional tests, like optic nerve imaging and visual field testing.

Post-Exam Discussion and Prescription:

- The doctor will discuss your overall eye health and provide their findings.

- They may prescribe corrective lenses (glasses or contact lenses) or treatment for any detected conditions.

Frequency:

- Comprehensive eye exams are recommended every two years for adults without risk factors.

- Children, seniors, and individuals with specific eye conditions may need more frequent check-ups.