What can macular degeneration cause?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of sight loss in people over 50 in the UK. It affects the central part of your vision, called the macula, which is responsible for sharp, detailed vision.

There are two main types of AMD:

- Dry AMD: this is the most common type, and it develops gradually. It causes thinning of the macula and damage to the light-sensitive cells in the retina.

- Wet AMD: this is a less common but more severe form of AMD. It occurs when new blood vessels grow under the macula, leaking blood and fluid and causing rapid damage to the retina. Wet AMD can lead to blindness if not treated promptly.

Symptoms of AMD include:

- Blurred vision, especially in the centre of your field of vision

- Distorted vision, such as straight lines appearing wavy

- Dark or empty patches in your vision

- Difficulty reading, recognising faces and seeing fine details

- Needing more light to see things

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to see an optometrist or ophthalmologist (eye specialist) as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to slow the progression of AMD and prevent severe sight loss.