What is one potential application used to provide sight the blind?

One potential application used to help provide sight to the blind is the use of artificial retinas. Artificial retinas, also known as retinal implants, are devices that convert visual images into electrical signals that can be directly interpreted by the brain. These devices are surgically implanted into the eye and can provide some level of sight for those with certain types of severe vision loss.

Artificial retinas primarily rely on electrical stimulation to produce the perception of vision. Photoreceptor cells in the damaged retina are unable to effectively convert light into electrical signals, so the artificial implant bypasses this step. The implant consists of a small array of electrodes that are placed directly onto or adjacent to the retinal cells. When light strikes the implant, it's converted into electrical impulses that stimulate the remaining retinal cells.

It's important to note that artificial retinas do not restore full sight and their applications still have limitations. They are more effective in providing rudimentary visual perception, mainly in the form of shapes and contrasts. The technology continues to undergo research and development, aiming to improve resolution and visual outcomes for individuals who are visually impaired.