What Is Tethered Cord Syndrome?

Tethered cord syndrome is a rare neurological condition that occurs when the spinal cord is abnormally attached to the tissues surrounding the spinal column. Normally, the spinal cord hangs freely within the spinal canal, protected by the bones of the spine and a covering of fluid-filled sacs. However, in people with tethered cord syndrome, the spinal cord is tethered (or attached) to the surrounding tissues, such as the vertebral bones, dura (the tough outer covering of the spinal cord and brain), or filum terminale (a thin thread of tissue that anchors the spinal cord to the bottom of the spinal canal).

This attachment restricts the normal movement of the spinal cord, which can lead to a variety of neurological problems, such as back pain, weakness, numbness, and incontinence. The symptoms of tethered cord syndrome can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the location of the tethering. In some cases, the symptoms may be mild and may not require treatment, while in other cases they can be more severe and require surgery to correct the tethering.

Risk factors for developing tethered cord syndrome include spina bifida, a birth defect in which the bones of the spine do not form properly, and other congenital abnormalities involving the spine. Tethered cord syndrome can also be acquired after birth, as a result of trauma or inflammation. If you are experiencing symptoms of tethered cord syndrome, such as back pain, weakness, numbness, or incontinence, it is important to see a doctor right away for evaluation and treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to improve the long-term prognosis for people with tethered cord syndrome.