What is mean by periods in female?

Menstruation or a period, is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina. The menstrual cycle is the monthly series of changes a woman's body undergoes in preparation for possible pregnancy. Each menstrual cycle begins with the first day of menstruation and ends the day before the next period begins. The average menstrual cycle is 28 days, but can range from 21 to 35 days.

The menstrual cycle has three phases:

* The follicular phase begins on the first day of menstruation and ends when ovulation occurs. During this phase, the ovaries release estrogen, which helps to thicken the lining of the uterus.

* Ovulation occurs when a mature egg is released from one of the ovaries. This usually happens 14 days before the start of the next period.

* The luteal phase begins after ovulation and ends when menstruation begins. During this phase, the corpus luteum, which is a small gland that forms on the ovary after ovulation, releases progesterone, which helps to maintain the lining of the uterus.

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum breaks down and levels of progesterone and estrogen decline. This causes the lining of the uterus to shed and menstruation begins.

Menstruation typically lasts for 3 to 7 days, but can range from 2 to 8 days. The amount of bleeding can vary from light to heavy. Some women also experience cramps, bloating, headaches, and mood swings before and during menstruation.

Here are some things to remember about menstruation:

* Menstruation is a natural process, not an illness.

* There is no one "normal" way to have a period.

* It is important to talk to your doctor if you have any concerns about your menstrual cycle.