Causes of Toxic Shock

Toxic shock syndrome is a dangerous infection that can lead to organ failure. Symptoms of toxic shock appear suddenly and include disorientation, fever, low blood pressure, rash, and vomiting. Toxic shock is usually associated with tampons, but may have other causes.

Bacteria

• Toxic shock syndrome is caused by Staphylococcus bacteria, the same type of bacteria that can cause staph infections, food poisoning, and styes. Some cases may be caused by Streptococcal bacteria.

Tampons

• The most common cause of toxic shock syndrome is tampon usage. Tampons serve as a breeding ground for bacteria, and tampon fibers may scratch the vaginal walls, creating skin openings that become infected.

Other Risk Factors

• Toxic shock can also occur in women who use contraceptive sponges and diaphragms. Both men and women of all ages with recent skin wounds, nasal surgery, or staph infections are also at risk for toxic shock.

Prevention

• Toxic shock syndrome during menstruation can be prevented by using low-absorbency tampons, changing them often, and alternating tampons with pads.

Warning

• Toxic shock syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition. Seek medical care immediately if you might have toxic shock syndrome.