How are cluster headaches diagnosed?

Cluster headaches are typically diagnosed based on a person's symptoms and a physical exam. Imaging tests may also be used to rule out other potential causes of the headaches.

Symptoms of cluster headaches include:

* Severe pain around the eye or temple, often described as a burning or piercing sensation

* Pain that lasts for 15-180 minutes

* Headaches that occur in clusters, with periods of remission

* Other symptoms, such as tearing, congestion, and sensitivity to light and sound

During a physical exam, a doctor may check for:

* Tenderness or swelling around the eye or temple

* Changes in pupil size

* Dehydration

Imaging tests that may be used to rule out other potential causes of cluster headaches include:

* Computed tomography (CT) scans

* Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans

In some cases, a doctor may also recommend a nerve block to help diagnose cluster headaches. A nerve block is a procedure in which a local anesthetic is injected around a nerve to block pain signals. If a nerve block relieves the headache, it can help to confirm the diagnosis of cluster headaches.