Information on a Leaking Heart Valve

A leaking or leaky heart valve describes a condition where the valves in the heart do not close all the way, allowing some blood to leak or regurgitate back into the heart chambers. In a healthy heart the valves allow blood to rush in, and then lock tightly shut.

Symptoms

• Symptoms include heart palpitations, chest pains or discomfort, dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, cough when lying down, excessive urination and swollen feet or ankles. However, some patients may not experience any of these symptoms.

Diagnosis

• A heart doctor or cardiologist will discuss symptoms and medical history and perform a physical examination. The exam checks for enlarged heart, fluid on the lungs or unusual heartbeats. Specific diagnostic tests may include an echocardiogram (echo) or an electrocardiogram (EKG).

Cause

• Scarring from infection and trauma or congenital abnormalities are possible causes of leaking heart valves. Sometimes the cause cannot be identified.

Treatment

• Treatment will depend on the severity of the symptoms. If symptoms are unobtrusive, no treatment may be necessary. However, improving the heart's functioning and reducing symptoms may necessitate medication to relieve excess fluids or surgery to repair a heart valve.

Warnings

• Heart valve problems may increase the risk of infection in the heart. Discuss with a physician if taking antibiotics is necessary before a surgery or dental work.