Tests for Plaque in Arteries

According to the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC), as many as 30 million Americans may develop vascular diseases caused by extensive buildup of plaque in arteries. Fortunately, some relatively simple tests can help diagnose and treat these diseases before they worsen.

Identification

• Arterial vascular disease is the buildup of plaque in arteries, which restricts the flow of blood and oxygen your body needs for healthy functioning.

Types

• Carotid arterial disease is when the blockage occurs in your neck. Coronary arterial disease affects your heart, while peripheral arterial disease involves your arms and legs.

Tests

• For coronary or carotid blockage, your doctor may order a stress test, blood scan, angiogram, coronary catheterization, CT scan or MRI. According to the Society for Vascular Surgery, a carotid duplex ultrasound is effective for diagnosing carotid obstruction, while the ankle-brachial index is often used for suspected peripheral disease.

Risk

• UMMC pegs people over 55 as being at high risk for atherosclerosis. Lifestyle factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, smoking, high cholesterol or lack of exercise, as well as a family history of blocked arteries, also boost your chances of developing arterial vascular diseases.

Considerations

• Arteries in women are smaller, so it takes less plaque buildup to restrict blood flow. According to ScienceDaily.com, post-menopausal women are more at risk for vascular disease, but less likely to receive treatment.