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How Do Statins Reduce Coronary Events?

Statins are classified as a cholesterol-lowering medication. Available by prescription, they are a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that reduces cholesterol and decreases the risk of coronary events.

  1. Function

    • Statins function by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, causing the liver to produce less cholesterol. It also increases the liver's ability to eliminate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and reduces triglyceride levels.

    Lifestyle Changes

    • Statins should be used in combination with lifestyle changes to include diet, exercise and weight management. A low-cholesterol diet is suggested along with 30 minutes of exercise approximately three to five times weekly.

    Types

    • Lipitor, Lescol, Mevacor, Pravachol, Crestor and Zocor are the current statins available in the United States.

    Side Effects

    • As with all medication, statins may cause side effects. Most side effects will subside as the body adjusts to the medication. Common side effects reported included upset stomach, fatigue, constipation and gas. This is not a complete list, so consult a physician if you notice any other abnormalities.

    Facts

    • According to StatinAnswers.com, statin medications lowered LDL levels from anywhere between 18 and 55 percent, while raising HDL levels 5 to 15 percent. The Mayo Clinic also reports that increasing HDL levels 1 milligram per deciliter (mg/dL) can reduce the risk for heart attack by 3 percent.

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