How Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Is Diagnosed
1. Medical History and Physical Examination:
- Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, including any family history of heart conditions.
- A physical examination may reveal signs such as an abnormal heart rhythm or a heart murmur.
2. Electrocardiogram (ECG):
- An ECG records the electrical activity of your heart. HCM can cause specific abnormalities in the ECG, such as increased voltage in the heart's electrical signals.
3. Echocardiogram (Echo):
- An echocardiogram uses ultrasound waves to create detailed images of your heart. It can show the structure, size, and function of your heart, including the thickness and motion of the heart walls.
4. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI):
- Cardiac MRI is a non-invasive imaging test that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce high-resolution images of the heart. It can provide detailed information about the extent and location of hypertrophy.
5. Genetic Testing:
- Genetic testing can be performed to identify mutations in genes associated with HCM. This is particularly useful if there is a family history of the condition.
6. Holter Monitoring:
- Holter monitoring involves wearing a portable ECG device for 24 hours or longer to continuously record your heart's electrical activity. It can detect abnormal heart rhythms or other arrhythmias associated with HCM.
7. Stress Test (Exercise Echocardiography):
- A stress test may be performed to assess how your heart responds to increased physical demands. Echocardiography can be performed during the stress test to evaluate the dynamic changes in the heart's structure and function.
8. Blood Tests:
- Blood tests may be done to check for other medical conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as thyroid disorders or electrolyte imbalances.
Based on the results of these tests, your doctor can make an accurate diagnosis of HCM and determine the best course of treatment.