What is Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia?

Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) is a heart rhythm disorder that causes the heart rate to suddenly and briefly increase to between 140 and 240 beats per minute. PAT episodes can last for a few seconds or minutes, and they can occur several times a day or even multiple times an hour.

PAT is usually caused by an abnormal electrical signal in the heart's upper chambers (the atria). This signal causes the atria to contract rapidly and irregularly, which in turn causes the ventricles to contract rapidly.

Patients often describe a sensation of sudden palpitations or a racing pulse. Other symptoms that can occur during PAT include dizziness, chest discomfort, shortness of breath, and fainting.

PAT can be diagnosed by a doctor with an electrocardiogram (ECG) or a Holter monitor. These devices can record the heart's electrical activity and show PAT episodes.

Treatment for PAT may include medication, electrophysiology, or surgery. Medication can help slow the heart rate and prevent PAT episodes. Electrophysiology is a procedure that can be used to find the source of the abnormal electrical signal and destroy it. Surgery may be necessary in some cases to remove a portion of the heart tissue that is causing PAT.