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Over-the-Counter Remedies for GERD

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic disorder caused by acid and bile flowing back into your esophagus, which produces symptoms like heartburn, belching, nausea, regurgitation and chest pain, according to the Mayo Clinic. Your lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is responsible for preventing acid reflux, but certain foods can relax the LES, often leading to acid reflux. These foods include chocolate, dairy, citrus fruit and juices, peppermint and tomato-based foods, as well as foods that are fried, high in fat and spicy. Adjusting your diet can reduce GERD symptoms, or you can take over-the-counter medication to control acid production.

  1. Antacids

    • Antacids are a commonly used over-the-counter medication for treating GERD, as they neutralize stomach acid. Antacids are a base, which balances the pH level in your stomach, according to "The Mayo Clinic on Digestive Health." Depending on the brand, antacids contain neutralizing agents such as magnesium or calcium carbonate. Antacids provide quick relief, but do not maintain acid neutralization. This type of medication should be used for occasional or mild stomach issues, rather than consistent problems. Although helpful, antacids can cause unpleasant side effects such as diarrhea or constipation, according to the MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Antacids can be taken shortly after your meal or at night. To reduce the risk of acid reflux, do not lie down for at least two hours after eating.

    H-2 Receptor Blockers

    • Histamine blockers reduce acid secretion, which prevents acid reflux and GERD symptoms. According to "The Mayo Clinic on Digestive Health," acid blockers are suitable for GERD due to their long-lasting eight-hour relief, whereas antacids usually last no more than four hours. H-2 receptive blockers should be taken at least 30 minutes before eating, as they can block acid secretion before the meal causes acid production. The medication can be taken after a meal, but it will take 30 minutes before it begins to take effect, according to the Mayo Clinic. H-2 receptor blockers are also better for managing GERD, as they help heal your esophagus and ulcers by preventing acid from reaching your esophageal tissue. H-2 receptor blockers should be taken for at least three to four months to manage your GERD, and allow your esophagus to completely heal. According to "The Mayo Clinic on Digestive Health," side effects of H-2 receptor blockers include dry mouth, dizziness, drowsiness or bowel changes.

    Proton Pump Inhibitors

    • According to the Mayo Clinic, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective treatment for GERD sufferers. Similar to H-2 receptor blockers, PPIs block acid production and allow your esophagus to heal, but they only need to be taken once a day, as opposed to the H-2 blockers' required eight-hour dosage. Most over-the-counter PPIs have a low dosage due to the potency of the medication, as it can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, headaches or loose stools when taken in high amounts.

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