Medication for an Acid Reflux Remedy

Acid reflux occurs when too much stomach acid is produced or a faulty valve at the base of the esophagus fails to prevent stomach acid from entering the esophagus. In both cases, the esophageal tissues are irritated, producing "heartburn." Chronic heartburn, if left untreated, can result in damage to the esophageal tissues. Acid reflux that occurs frequently is typically called gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD.

Antacids and Oral Suspensions

• Antacids work by buffering or neutralizing stomach acids. They contain base compounds such as aluminum hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate. Common brand-name antacids are Tums, Rolaids and Maalox. Many antacids also contain anti-gas medications to reduce associated bloating and discomfort. Antacids have a short duration but begin to work quickly.

  Oral suspensions such as Pepto Bismol, Carafate and liquid Milk of Magnesia coat the stomach and esophagus. This provides a two-step antacid action by protecting esophageal tissues and decreasing acid production from the lining of the stomach. Oral suspensions also work quickly and provide only temporary relief from acid reflux.

H2-Receptor Blockers

• H2-receptor blockers are available in both over-the-counter and prescription strengths. These medications interfere with stomach acid production. Because of their mechanism of action, H2-receptor blockers are not fast-acting and should be taken 30 minutes prior to meals or bedtime. Common brands of H2-receptor blockers include Zantac and Pepsid AC. H2-receptor blockers are also available in prescription strength.

Proton Pump Inhibitors

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are becoming the drug of choice for the treatment of GERD. Proton pump inhibitors block acid production and also work to heal damaged esophageal tissues. Proton pump inhibitors are typically taken once daily. Common brand names of proton pump inhibitors include Nexium, Aciphex, Prilosec and Prevacid. Most proton pump inhibitors can only be obtained with prescription, except Prilosec OTC, which is indicated for 14-day treatments that can be repeated once every four months.

Cautions

• Over-the-counter medications are meant for occasional treatment only. If you experience chronic heartburn or if over-the-counter medications fail to relieve your symptoms, consult your physician. All medications have the potential to cause adverse reactions or to interact with other medications, so consult your physician prior to starting any new medication.

  Seek immediate medical intervention if you develop symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding such as vomiting blood, dark or tarry stools, and a rigid or painful abdomen.