How does a paramedic stop bleeding?

There are several methods that paramedics use to stop or control bleeding. The specific approach taken depends on the nature and severity of the injury. Here are some commonly used techniques:

1. Direct Pressure: This is the simplest and most effective method to stop bleeding from a wound. The paramedic applies firm, direct pressure to the bleeding site using a sterile dressing, cloth, or their gloved hand. By creating pressure on the wound, it helps compress the blood vessels and reduces the flow of blood.

2. Elevation: Elevating the injured area above the level of the heart can help reduce bleeding by promoting venous return and reducing hydrostatic pressure in the affected area. For example, if a patient has a bleeding wound on their leg, the paramedic may elevate the leg to help slow the bleeding.

3. Pressure Points: Paramedics may apply pressure to specific pressure points on the body to control bleeding. These pressure points are located over major arteries and can temporarily reduce blood flow to the bleeding site. Common pressure points include the carotid artery in the neck, the brachial artery in the upper arm, and the femoral artery in the groin.

4. Tourniquets: A tourniquet is a last resort measure used when direct pressure and pressure points are insufficient in controlling severe bleeding. It is a tight band applied proximal to the bleeding site, effectively cutting off blood flow to the affected area. Tourniquets should only be used if the bleeding cannot be controlled by other means, as they can cause tissue damage and other complications if applied incorrectly.

5. Hemostatic Agents: Paramedics may use various hemostatic agents to help stop bleeding. These include clotting powders or agents that promote blood clotting when applied directly to the wound. Some examples include gelatin-based products, fibrin sealants, and oxidized cellulose.

6. Wound Packing: In cases of severe bleeding from a deep or irregular wound, paramedics may pack the wound tightly with sterile dressings to apply direct pressure and promote clotting.

It's important to note that the choice of bleeding control method depends on the specific situation and needs of the patient, and paramedics follow established protocols and guidelines when managing bleeding during emergencies.