The Difference Between HSV-1 & HSV-2
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Identification
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HSV-1 is the virus that causes most instances of cold sores, also known as oral herpes, herpes labialis or fever blisters. The virus generally responsible for genital herpes is HSV-2.
Features
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Both viruses are members of the viral subfamily alphaherpesvirinae, according to Microbiology and Immunology Online. The other virus in this group, HHV-3 or varicella-zoster virus, causes chicken pox and shingles.
Considerations
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Although HSV-1 and HSV-2 generally cause either cold sores or genital herpes, respectively, either virus can also cause the other condition, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Effects
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Both conditions lead to a red rash with blisters, preceded by burning or tingling in the area, before an outbreak occurs.
Treatment
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Topical, over-the-counter treatments---such as benzyl alcohol and lidocaine---manage cold sores. Genital herpes requires prescription antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir or famciclovir). According to the Mayo Clinic, doctors also use these medications to treat cold sores.
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