What Is Herpes Virus 2?

Human herpesvirus 2---or herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2)---is the virus that is largely responsible for genital herpes infection. It is one of two herpes simplex viruses, and is closely related to the virus that causes cold sores.

Identification

• In addition to genital-to-genital transmission, HSV-2 can be transmitted from the genitals of one person to the mouth of another, causing oral herpes. HSV-1, which causes cold sores, can also lead to genital herpes, reports the Mayo Clinic.

Transmission

• Transmission of HSV-2 occurs mostly through skin-to-skin sex contact, says the Mayo Clinic. It can also rarely be transmitted through shared personal items, such as towels.

Considerations

• Having an active outbreak increases the chances of transmission, but people not currently having an outbreak---who may be unaware that they have herpes---can also infect their partners.

Effects

• Prodrome, a burning or tingling feeling, precedes genital herpes' red, blistering rash. The first outbreak is generally the most severe, with fewer outbreaks likely over time, but chronic outbreaks are possible, reports the Mayo Clinic.

Treatment

• Genital herpes is treated with antiviral medication, which some people only take during an outbreak. Others, especially those with frequent outbreaks, may take medication daily, says the Mayo Clinic.

Prevention

• Avoid intimate contact during outbreaks, as herpes can be transmitted via skin not covered by a condom.