What Is the Difference Between Herpes Simplex 1 & Herpes Simplex 2?

Herpes is a common virus that is neurotropic, which means it inhabits the nervous system. The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) causes painful blisterlike sores on the lips, whereas type 2 (HSV-2) tends to infect the genital area; however, either virus type can present orally or genitally. Although some people experience a single outbreak, most have recurring flare-ups.

Features

• HSV-1 and HSV-2 attack the mucous lining of the body. According to Herpes.com, the virus then enters into a dormant state in the nervous system. But certain triggers eventually cause outbreaks.

HSV-1

• HSV-1 is a strand of the herpes virus that lies dormant in a collection of nerves called the trigeminal ganglion, which rest close to the ear. When an outbreak occurs, HSV-1 can be seen as a blister on the face or lower lip.

HSV-2

• HSV-2 attacks the nerve grouping called the sacral ganglion, which is located at the bottom of the spine. During an HSV-2 outbreak, a person will experience blisters in the genital area.

Considerations

• A person will not experience symptoms of herpes simplex while the virus is dormant. According to WebMD, herpes outbreaks can be triggered by stress, fatigue, sunlight or another infection, such as a cold or the flu.

Treatment

• There is no cure for herpes. Over-the-counter or prescribed medicines can be taken to lessen symptoms and reduce pain. The medication will not remove the virus from the body, and there is always the possibility of future outbreaks.