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High Blood Pressure Symptoms and Treatment

High blood pressure is a dangerous condition that may have serious long-term effects. Ideal blood pressure is 120/80 or lower. Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to life-threatening conditions such as heart failure, artery damage and aneurysms. High blood pressure may be treated by changing one's diet and lifestyle and, if necessary, by taking medications.

  1. High Blood Pressure Symptoms

    • According to the Mayo Clinic, the majority of people have no noticeable symptoms during the early stages of high blood pressure. A few people may experience nose bleeds, dizziness or headaches.

    Dietary Changes

    • The Mayo Clinic recommends the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet for lowering blood pressure naturally. The DASH diet consists of whole grains, low-fat dairy options, fruits and vegetables. Also, individuals may try a salt-restricted diet to help control blood pressure. The Mayo Clinic advises cutting sodium intake to 1,500 mg per day.

    Weight Loss

    • Individuals who are overweight can lower blood pressure by losing excess pounds. According to the Mayo Clinic, losing just 5 lbs. can lower blood pressure.

    Lifestyle Changes

    • Adding exercise to one's daily routine can help improve blood pressure. The Mayo Clinic advises that adults get 30 minutes of exercise every day. Also, limiting alcohol and quitting smoking are also beneficial for individuals with high blood pressure. Finally, stress management is also an effective way to aid in blood pressure control.

    Medications to Lower Blood Pressure

    • One type of medication prescribed for high blood pressure is thiazide diuretics, which aid the body in releasing excess fluid and sodium. Another option is to take medications that help open or relax blood vessels, such as beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and renin inhibitors.

    Medications for Severe High Blood Pressure

    • When high blood pressure does not respond to the medications described above, a physician may opt to prescribe alpha blockers, alpha-beta blockers, central-acting agents and vasodilators. These medications work to open up vessels and/or slow the heart rate to lessen blood pressure.

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