What causes sinus pressure to build up?

Several factors can contribute to sinus pressure buildup:

1. Allergies: Allergic rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever, occurs when the body's immune system overreacts to allergens like pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and mold. This reaction leads to inflammation and swelling in the sinuses, causing pressure and congestion.

2. Infections: Viral or bacterial infections, such as the common cold, influenza, and sinusitis, can cause inflammation and increased mucus production in the sinuses, leading to sinus pressure.

3. Deviated septum: A deviated septum is a condition in which the nasal septum, the cartilage and bone that divides the nostrils, is off-center. This can obstruct airflow and drainage from the sinuses, leading to sinus pressure.

4. Nasal polyps: Nasal polyps are small, non-cancerous growths that develop in the nasal passages or sinuses. They can block sinus drainage and cause pressure buildup.

5. Environmental irritants: Exposure to certain irritants, such as smoke, pollution, chemicals, and strong odors, can trigger sinus inflammation and pressure.

6. Changes in air pressure: Rapid changes in air pressure, such as those experienced during flying or scuba diving, can affect sinus pressure.

7. Certain medical conditions: Some underlying medical conditions, such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and immune system disorders, can contribute to sinus pressure and congestion.

8. Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in women during pregnancy or menstruation, can affect sinus function and cause pressure buildup.

It's important to note that persistent or severe sinus pressure that does not improve with home remedies or over-the-counter medications should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.