How does a person become infected by AIDS?

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV attacks and destroys the body’s immune system, which normally protects the body against disease and infection.

Here are the primary modes of HIV transmission:

1. Unprotected Sex:

- HIV can be transmitted through unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex. When an infected person’s bodily fluids, such as semen, vaginal fluids, or blood, come into contact with the mucous membranes of an uninfected person during sex, transmission of the virus can occur.

2. Blood-to-Blood Contact:

- Sharing needles, syringes, or other drug paraphernalia with an infected person can lead to blood-to-blood contact and potential transmission of HIV.

- In some healthcare settings, accidental needlesticks or cuts with contaminated sharp objects can also pose an infection risk.

3. Mother-to-Child Transmission:

- During pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, an HIV-positive mother can transmit the virus to her child. Without proper medical care and intervention, such as the use of antiretroviral drugs, the risk of transmission from mother to child is significant.

It's important to note that HIV is not transmitted through casual contact, such as shaking hands, hugging, sharing food or utensils, or using public facilities like restrooms or swimming pools. HIV is also not transmitted through air, saliva, tears, or sweat.