Why does AIDS occur through sex?

The primary mode of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS, is through sexual contact. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, including vaginal sex, anal sex, and oral sex, as well as through sharing of sex toys.

During sexual activity, the exchange of bodily fluids can occur, which can lead to the transmission of HIV if one partner is infected. The virus can enter the bloodstream through the mucosal lining of the rectum, vagina, or mouth. It can also enter through small cuts or abrasions on the skin. Sharing of sex toys without proper disinfection can also facilitate the transmission of HIV, as the virus can persist on surfaces.

The likelihood of HIV transmission through sex depends on several factors, such as the presence of open sores, tears, or inflammation in the genital or rectal areas, which can increase the risk of transmission. The type of sex (e.g., anal sex is considered higher risk compared to vaginal sex) and the viral load of the infected partner (i.e., the amount of virus in their bodily fluids) also influence the probability of transmission.

To reduce the risk of HIV transmission through sexual activity, it is important to use condoms and other protective barriers consistently and correctly. Regular HIV testing and open communication with sexual partners about HIV status are also essential for prevention and early detection of HIV infection. Additionally, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) can be used to prevent or reduce the risk of HIV transmission in certain situations.