What Are the Treatments for Secondary Adrenal Dysfunction?

Secondary adrenal dysfunction, more commonly referred to as secondary adrenal insufficiency, is a condition in which the pituitary gland produces insufficient amounts of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). This causes a deficiency in the production of the hormone cortisol, which regulates how the body handles sugars, fats and proteins.

Causes

• Causes can include childbirth with excessive blood loss, pituitary tumors, head trauma, steroid treatments and antidepressant medications. Additionally, some types of blood infections and autoimmune disorders can cause secondary adrenal dysfunction.

Steroids

• Cortisol is a type of natural steroid and its deficiency in secondary adrenal dysfunction is treated with steroids such as hydrocortisone. This is replacement treatment and may be required indefinitely.

Aldosterone

• Aldosterone is a hormone that moderates salt and potassium levels and may be affected by the adrenal dysfunction. This deficiency is treated by replacement with fludrocortisone and may also be required indefinitely.

Fluid Replacement

• In extreme situations, fluid replacement with a saline solution may be necessary to balance out the water/salt balance in the body. Crises may call for replacement with sugar or steroids.

Demographics

• According to the National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service, approximately one to four people per 100,000 will experience an adrenal condition. They affect all age groups and both sexes.